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Glossary of Terms

 

academic information

See education history.

 

academic level

The highest level of formal education attained by a person; typical values are: primary level; secondary level; college; university/graduate school. Also education level     

 

agent

See facility agent.

 

ambulatory facility

A health care facility that does not have beds, including free-standing specialty clinics, health centers without beds, maternal and child health centers, health posts and aide posts.

 

applicant

A person who has applied for an open position. Also job applicant

      

application

The official submission of a form to apply for a job, take the national exam or become registered as a health professional.

     

assumption

See pool change.

    

attrition

The loss of health workers from the workforce due to any reason.

 

attrition rate

The expected average annual rate of attrition expressed as a percentage of the total workforce; the attrition rate may be due to death and illness or to other reasons.

 

band

See salary grade.

 

base projection

A graph comparing changes in available human resources over time with required resources. This graph demonstrates the results if no interventions are applied and visually represents the gap between human resources supply and demand.

 

base year

See starting year

 

baseline

See starting year

 

benefit

A payment made to an employee that is separate from the employee's salary; the payment may be one-time or recurring. Also special payment

   

birthplace

The country, district and/or county where a person was born.

 

B-Y

See starting year

 

cadre

A broad category or subset of health workers characterized by the specific training, degree or other qualifications required to practice or be licensed in that field (i.e., Nurse). Also health cadre, occupational category

 

cadre pool

A pool of health workers, typically in one cadre, to which assumptions are applied in a workforce projection.

 

certificate

Certifies that a particular academic level has been achieved; typical values are: certificate of primary education; ordinary level certificate; advanced level certificate; certificate; diploma; bachelor's degree; master's degree; PhD. Also classification, degree, diploma

      

change date

The date when an employee moves from one position to another as the result of a transfer or promotion.

 

citizenship

See nationality.

 

class

One instance of a training program that takes place on a specific date at a specific site; there may be multiple classes for one training program. Also training class

      

classification

See certificate.

 

closed position

A position within an organization that has been filled by an employee; when a position is marked closed, the organization is not actively hiring for the position. Also filled position

 

CME

See continuing education.

 

competency

A skill performed to a specific standard under specific conditions.

  

competency model

A collection of competencies that together define successful performance in a particular work setting.

  

competency type

A broad category of related competencies.

   

contact information

Mailing addresses, phone numbers, email addresses and similar information for a person.

 

continuing education

Credit hours required for a health care worker to renew his/her license while practicing. Also CME, continuing medical education, continuing professional development, CPD

      

continuing medical education

See continuing education.

 

continuing professional development

See continuing education.

 

continuing students

The total number of students who continue in a multi-year training program, i.e., do not discontinue training or graduate.

   

county

The smallest geographic subset, typically located within a district; equivalent to a sector. Also sector

 

course

See training program.

 

CPD

See continuing education.

      

credit hours

The number of credits a person receives for taking a continuing education course. Also hours

      

current position

The position that an employee currently holds with an organization.

    

current residence

The address or country, district and county where a person is currently living; this may be different than the person's home residence. Also residence

 

degree

See certificate.

      

demographic information

Statistical information about a person, such as marital status, gender, birth date, and dependents. 

   

department

A division within an organization, typically around similar job functions and following supervisory lines.

  

dependent

A legal spouse or child of an employee.

   

deploy

To move an employee into a particular position at a particular location.

 

deployment

The process of being employed in a health facility as a licensed health care worker.

 

deployment date

See hiring date.

 

deployment history

A history of all positions a health professional has held.

 

designation

See job.

 

diploma

See certificate.

      

disciplinary action

A warning or notice issued to a health professional or employee as a result of an infraction. Also disciplinary notice

 

disciplinary notice

See disciplinary action.

      

discontinuation

An interruption in a training program. Also disruption, training disruption

      

discontinued position

A position that is no longer required by an organization; no employee fills it and the organization is not soliciting applications for the position. 

      

disruption

See discontinuation.

 

district

A smaller geographic unit within a region created by the central government for easy administration; equivalent to a state or a province. Also province, state

 

duty station

See facility.

 

education history

Information about a person's academic history and qualifications, or a history of all diplomas, degrees, certificates and other educational qualifications obtained by a person. Also academic information, education information

 

education information

See education history.

 

education level

See academic level.

      

education type

The type of qualification or certificate/degree that a person has received, such as college/university, continuing education or informal.

 

effective date

The date when something, such as a salary change, officially takes effect.

   

employee

A person who is paid by an employer to perform a specific job.

 

employer

See organization.

 

employment history

A history of all jobs held by a person, including the company name and salary history.

   

end date

The date at which an employee leaves a position; also the date at which a license expires.

 

ending position

The last position that an employee holds with an organization.

   

ending salary

The salary that an employee is earning when s/he leaves an organization. Also ending wage.

 

ending wage

See ending salary.

      

endorser

A person who recommends a student graduating from a training program to take the national examination.

    

enrollment

The total number of students enrolled in a training program (including new students plus students who are re-enrolling).

 

exam

See examination.

 

exam number

See examination number.

   

examination

A test that every student graduating from a health training program must qualify for, take and pass in order to qualify for registration. Also exam, final exam, national exam

      

examination number

The number issued to a student who has applied to take the national exam and has been verified as qualifying to take the exam. Also exam number

      

facility

A specific division within an organization that is defined by having its own budget and often has a unique facility code. Often a facility is responsible for providing health care services. Also duty station, health facility, office, responsibility center

      

facility agent

The owner of a health facility or training institution, which also refers to the classification of the facility; typical values are: government; mission; private. Also agent

      

facility status

The status of a facility as either open or closed.

 

facility type

A type of health facility; typical values are: dispensary; domiciliary; health unit; hospital.

 

filled position

See closed position.

 

final exam

See examination.

 

foreign-trained health worker

A health worker who received training outside the country and has applied to practice inside the country.    

 

FTE

See full-time equivalent.

 

full-time equivalent

The equivalent of one full-time staff person, i.e., two half-time staff equal one full-time equivalent. Also FTE

      

geographical location

Refers to any geographical division, such as a country, region, district, state, province, county or sector.

    

grade

The assessment attained at an academic level, which determines whether a student has met the minimum requirements to attend a training institution.

    

graduation

Official completion of a training program.

    

health cadre

See cadre.

 

health facility

See facility.

 

hire

To fill an open position.    

      

hiring date

The date on which an open position is filled. Also deployment date      

      

hiring decision

The official decision whether to offer a job to an applicant.

   

home residence

The address or geographical location where a person permanently lives. Also permanent address

      

hospital

A bedded facility that may also provide ambulatory care; includes health centers with beds, mental hospitals and specialized acute care hospitals.

      

hours

See credit hours.

 

HRH strategic plan

The overall plan, which includes the workforce plan, to improve the effectiveness of health professionals and support staff deliver health care services.

 

identification

Non-changing information (such as Social Security Number, national health insurance identification number or passport number) used to identify a person.

      

identification code

Unique code used to identify a facility or training institution.

 

in migration

The process of foreign-trained health workers immigrating into the country to practice.    

 

index

See intake.

     

index number

The number issued to a student when s/he enters a new training program.

      

individual information

Data about an individual captured in that person's record; includes personal data such as name, nationality and demographic information. Also personal information

      

in-service training program

A training program that is completed while the worker is an employee of an organization, usually to update skills or gain new competencies.

      

inspection

The process of certifying that health facility, private practice clinic or training institution is qualified to provide services.

      

intake

The process of entering a training program. Also an increase in the supply of health workers. Also index      

      

intermediate projection years

Any years before the target year for which projections are desired.

 

intervention

An action modeled against human resources data and influences, with the intention of closing the gap between available human resources and human resource needs over time. Examples include instituting a recruitment program, changing the retirement age and increasing incentives to work in high-need areas.

      

intervention template

A set of interventions that are applied collectively to a pool of human resources.

 

ISCO classification code

See job classification code.

 

job

A general set of qualifications, duties and responsibilities that matches a particular job description and has a unique job code. There may be multiple instances of the same job within an organization. Also designation, post

 

job applicant

See applicant.

      

job classification

A broad category used to organize jobs; the job classification may or may not be equivalent to the health cadre.

      

job classification code

A unique code that identifies a job classification, preferably a standard coding system established by the ISCO for classifying professions; may also be applied to health cadres. Also ISCO classification code

      

job code

A unique code associated with a particular job that identifies that job for the organization. Also post code

      

job description

A written document that specifies the responsibilities, scope, duties and qualifications required to perform a particular job.

     

job title

The label used to describe a job, or a specific set of duties and responsibilities. Also post title      

      

language proficiency

A person's reading, writing and/or speaking ability in a foreign language.

     

license

Certification that a health worker is eligible to practice in a country. The license must be renewed regularly, and a separate license must be obtained for each cadre in which the health worker intends to practice.

    

license history

A history of all licenses a health professional has held to practice in a cadre.

   

license number

The number issued with a license to practice as a health worker; this number may or may not be identical to the registration number.

   

major

A person's primary field of study.

 

marital status

A person's legal status, such as: single; married; divorced; widowed.

  

midpoint

The average salary offered to new hires in a salary grade, which may not be equivalent to the true average of the salary range within that grade.

  

name history

The history of a person's name changes due to marriage or other reasons.

 

national exam

See examination.

      

nationality

The country where a person is a legal citizen. Also citizenship

 

need

See requirements.

 

occupational category

See cadre.

      

office

See facility.

 

old applicant

A person who previously applied for an open position, but who has not applied for any positions that are currently open.

    

old employee

A person who previously worked for an organization but has left the organization.

   

open position

A specific position within an organization that is required for the organization to operate and that the organization is actively hiring to fill. Also vacancy      

      

organization

An employing institution, such as a company, government or nonprofit. Also employer

      

organizational chart

A report that visually displays the supervisory structure of an organization by linking supervisors to their supervisees, usually using boxes and connecting lines, with supervisors above their supervisees.

      

out migration

The process of a health worker leaving the country where s/he was trained in order to practice in a foreign country.

 

password

A hidden phrase that provides secure access to the system.

 

permanent address

See home residence.

 

personal information

See individual information.

 

pool change

A well-informed estimate about future changes to the workforce that are used to project workforce supply each year following the starting year in a projection. Also assumption

 

population growth rate

The percentage by which the population of an area will grow annually.

     

position

An instance of a job that can be filled by one employee in one facility and represents one box on an organizational chart. There may be multiple positions for one job in one organization.

   

position description

A supplement to the job description that describes the duties of one specific position in the organization.

 

position history

A record of all positions an employee has held with the organization.

  

position status

The status of a position as open, closed or discontinued.

  

position title

A specific title different from the job title that defines one particular position within an organization.

 

position type

A classification of a type of position, such as temporary, permanent, consultant, seconded, etc.   

 

post

See job.

 

post code

See job code.

 

post date

The date a position is opened for hiring.

 

post title

See job title.    

      

practice type

The type of registration issued to a health worker, generally temporary or permanent.

   

pre-service trainee loss rate

The expected average percentage of training intake not expected to be available for service due to failure to complete training, expressed as a percentage of the total intake.

 

pre-service training

A training program that is completed before a health worker enters employment, usually to obtain necessary qualifications to practice, such as a degree or certificate.

      

private practice license

An additional license issued to a health worker who has applied to practice in a private clinic.

  

projection

Calculation of the supply of the health workforce and required health workers over time based on workforce data and assumptions made about future changes to the health workforce; the projection generally compares the supply to the requirements and may include graphs showing the effects of interventions in closing the gap between the two.

   

promotion

A move by an employee from one position to another at a higher level or salary grade within the organization, often with a corresponding pay raise.

 

proposed end date

Date at which funding or the role for a position is tentatively scheduled to end, as distinguished from the end date.

     

proposed salary

The salary that is proposed for an open position before it has been filled; does not refer to the actual salary for the position.

    

province

See district.

 

qualification

A competency, educational level or training that a person must have in order to perform a particular job or to be certified in a specialty of a cadre.

    

record

Collection of all data about one person stored in the system.

   

region

A major subdivision of a country containing districts.

   

registration

The process of applying for and being licensed to practice professionally in a country.

   

registration number

A number that is issued when a health worker enters the profession within a particular cadre; the health worker retains the registration number as the primary identification number as long as s/he is licensed to practice in that cadre in the country.

    

reinstatement

The process of reissuing a license to a health professional after a suspension due to a disciplinary action.

    

renew

The process of reapplying for a license and receiving a valid extension of the license for a period of time; often, a health professional is required to receive a specific number of continuing education credit hours before qualifying for license renewal.

     

report

Display of data from the system as a table or graphical chart; typically, filters can be set on a report to determine the range of data displayed.

   

requirements

The number of health workers necessary to meet the health service need. Also need

      

requirements model

The model, or formula, used to project workforce requirements in future years; the model may be based on need, demand, targets or ratios.

 

residence

See current residence.

      

resource

A human resource.

 

responsibility center

See facility.

      

resumption

The process of returning to a training program that was previously discontinued.

   

retirement

The point at which a worker permanently leaves the workforce, usually due to reaching retirement age.   

      

retirement age

The nationally standardized age at which workers are expected or required to retire; in some countries, workers may receive a pension or other benefits upon reaching retirement age.

      

retirement rate

The expected average annual rate of retirement upon reaching retirement age expressed as a percentage of the total workforce.

     

role

Determines the activities that a user can perform within the system.

   

salary

The amount an employee is paid per year for a particular job.

 

salary band

See salary grade.

  

salary grade

Defines pay ranges for one or more jobs. Also band, salary band

      

salary history

A record of an employee's past and current pay.

  

salary source

A monetary source for an employee's salary. Also source

      

scholarship

A monetary award given so that a person may defray the costs of a pre-service or in-service training program.

   

secondary school

The school attended before entering a training institution, college or university.

 

sector

See county.

      

skill

Specific knowledge or proficiency required to perform a particular job task.

 

source

See salary source.

 

special payment

See benefit.

      

specialization

A field in which an employee has acquired a great deal of expertise through educational training and/or on-the-job experience. Also specialty

 

specialty

See specialization.

      

start date

The date at which an employee starts working in a position. Also refers to the date that a license is issued.

 

starting position

The first position that an employee holds with an organization.

 

starting salary

The salary that an employee earns when s/he first joins an organization. Also starting wage

 

starting wage

See starting salary.      

      

starting year

The year in which a projection of the health workforce begins, for which there is known workforce data. Also base year, baseline, B-Y

      

state

See district.

 

supervisor

A position that manages one or more employees of a lower grade. Also supervisory position

 

supervisory position

See supervisor.      

      

supply

The actual number of health workers available for deployment, calculated by adding the current stock to the an estimate of the number and types of staff who will be available in the future.

      

supply model

See workforce planning model.

 

surname

Family name or last name.

 

suspension

A disciplinary action in which a health professional's license is revoked.

      

target

A goal or proposed outcome for health workforce plans or projections, such as to meet a specific need or staff up to a certain level, usually expressed in text.

 

target year

The year in which a projection of the health workforce ends, usually 5-30 years after the base year. Also T-Y      

      

trainer

A person who has been assessed competent in training and in the skills s/he is teaching and who is conducting training programs.

 

training

Refers to pre-service schooling to become qualified to practice as a health worker as well as to in-service training to upgrade or add to professional qualifications.

      

training class

See class.

 

training disruption

See discontinuation.

 

training funder

An organization that funds and sponsors in-service training programs.

      

training history

A history of training programs that an employee has requested or completed while employed by the organization.

      

training institution

A school that offers one or more programs to train health workers.

      

training program

A course offered by a training institution that, when completed, qualifies a person to be registered or licensed in a particular cadre. May also refer to an in-service program that enables an employee to gain a new competency needed for a job while employed. Also course

      

transfer

A move by an employee from one position to another at an equal level or salary grade but usually located within a different department, facility or geographical location.

 

T-Y

See target year.

 

upgrade

The process of returning to a training program to qualify for registration in a new cadre.

      

username

Name used to log in to the system.

 

vacancy

See open position.     

      

verification

The process of verifying a student's qualifications before s/he is registered or verifying a health worker's qualifications who is applying for out migration.

 

workforce planning

A longer-term process (5 to 20 years) to determine the policies and strategies to balance supply and demand in order to have the staff in place to deliver the agreed-upon level of health care services.

 

workforce planning model

The model, or formula, used to project workforce supply in future years based on the current supply of health workers plus projected new workers minus projected losses.